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馬來酸酐，簡稱順酐，亦稱“順丁烯二酸酐”，是順丁烯二酸的酸酐。室溫下為有酸味的無色或白色固體，分子式C4H2O3。分子量98.06。由氯仿或乙醚中得針狀結晶。熔點60℃，沸點82℃(Chemicalbook1.8665kPa)，相對密度1.31460。溶于丙酮、氯仿、乙醚,微溶于石油醚。溶于水中生成順-丁烯二酸，溶于酒精中則形成酯，能與含有共軛雙鍵的化合物進行雙烯合成反應。有毒，強烈刺激粘膜。

Maleic anhydride, abbreviated as maleic anhydride, also known as maleic anhydride, is the anhydride of maleic acid. At room temperature, it is a colorless or white solid with a sour taste, with the molecular formula C4H2O3. Molecular weight 98.06. Needle shaped crystals obtained from chloroform or ether. Melting point 60 ℃, boiling point 82 ℃ (Chemicalbook 1.8665kPa), relative density 1.31460. Soluble in acetone, chloroform, and ether, slightly soluble in petroleum ether. Dissolve in water to form maleic acid, dissolve in alcohol to form esters, and can undergo diene synthesis reactions with compounds containing conjugated double bonds. Toxic, strongly irritating to mucous membranes.

馬來酸酐可發生的反應有：水解生成順丁烯二酸（cis-HO2CCH=CHCO2H），1:1醇解生成單酯：cis-HO2CCH=CHCO2CH3；用作狄爾斯Chemicalbook-阿爾德反應中的親雙烯體；與低價金屬配位，配合物的例子如Pt(PPh3)2(MA)及Fe(CO)4(MA)。馬來酸酐進行光化學二聚體反應時，形成CBDA。。

The reactions that can occur with maleic anhydride include hydrolysis to produce maleic acid (cis HO2CCH=CHCO2H), 1:1 alcoholysis to produce monoesters: cis HO2CCH=CHCO2CH3; Used as a diene in the Diels Chemicalbook Alder reaction; Examples of coordination compounds with low valence metals include Pt (PPh3) 2 (MA) and Fe (CO) 4 (MA). During the photochemical dimerization reaction of maleic anhydride, CBDA is formed..

馬來酸酐用途：

Application of maleic anhydride:

1、用作1,4-丁二醇、γ-丁內酯、四氫呋喃、琥珀酸、不飽和聚酯樹脂、醇酸樹脂等的原料，也用于醫藥和農藥。

1. Used for the production of 1,4-butanediol γ- Raw materials such as butyrolactone, tetrahydrofuran, succinic acid, unsaturated polyester resin, alkyd resin, etc., are also used in medicine and pesticides.

2、順丁烯二酸酐又名順酐、馬來酐、失水蘋果酸酐，是一種重要的不飽和有機酸酐基本原料，在農藥上用于合成有機磷殺蟲劑馬拉硫磷的中間體順丁烯二酸二乙酯、噠嗪硫磷的中間體Chemicalbook1-苯基-3，6-二羥基噠嗪，以及擬除蟲菊酯殺蟲劑胺菊酯、劑、克菌丹的中間體，此外，還用于不飽和聚酯樹脂、油墨助劑、造紙助劑、涂料以及醫藥工業、食品工業等。

2. Maleic anhydride, also known as maleic anhydride, maleic anhydride, or dehydrated malic anhydride, is an important basic raw material for unsaturated organic anhydrides. It is used in the production of pesticides to synthesize the intermediate of organic phosphorus insecticide malathion, diethyl maleic acid, the intermediate of pyridazinon, Chemicalbook1-phenyl-3,6-dihydroxypyridazine, as well as the intermediate of pyrethroid insecticides such as pyrethroids, fungicides, and clotriman. In addition, it is also used in the production of unsaturated polyester resins, ink additives, paper additives, coatings, as well as pharmaceutical and food industries.

3、主要用于不飽和聚酯樹脂、醇酸樹脂、農藥馬拉硫磷、低毒農藥4049、長效碘胺的原料。也是涂料、馬來松香Chemicalbook、聚馬來酐、順酐-苯乙烯共聚物。也是油墨助劑、造紙助劑、增塑劑和酒石酸、富馬酸、四氫呋喃等的有機化工原料。

3. Mainly used as raw materials for the production of unsaturated polyester resin, alkyd resin, pesticide malathion, high-efficiency and low toxicity pesticide 4049, and long-acting iodamine. It is also a coating, maleic rosin chemicalbook, polymaleic anhydride, maleic anhydride styrene copolymer. It is also an organic chemical raw material for the production of ink additives, papermaking additives, plasticizers, and tartaric acid, fumaric acid, tetrahydrofuran, etc.

4、用于有機合成，也用作合成纖維中間體。

4. Used in organic synthesis and also as an intermediate in synthetic fibers.

5、金屬選礦中充當捕收劑。

5. Serve as a collector in metal beneficiation.

接枝，是指大分子鏈上通過化學鍵結合適當的支鏈或功能性側基的反應，所形成的產物稱作接枝共聚物。馬來酸酐的重要作用就是用來接枝。如果您想進一步了解馬來酸酐，

Grafting refers to the reaction of chemical bonding between appropriate branches or functional side groups on macromolecular chains, resulting in a product called graft copolymer. The important role of maleic anhydride is to be used for grafting. If you would like to further understand maleic anhydride,

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